There were some celebrations after negotiations ended with a climate change deal covering 93 per cent of the population.

Environment Minister Catherine McKenna gave a big hug to Brian Topp, chief of staff to Alberta Premier Rachel Notley, when she walked into the back of the room where the announcement was about to be made official.

They were celebrating a new 52-page roadmap which will allow Canada to grow a cleaner economy that contributes less to climate change.

“I’m very proud to now work with a group of premiers and Indigenous leaders who recognize that we are all in this together and that the need to act now is not simply a moral imperative, it’s an economic necessity,” said Trudeau, sitting alongside the premiers at the end of their full day of discussions.

The deal struck in Ottawa does not promise to deliver fully on Canada's international promises. The statement released today notably says that the actions will "contribute" towards Canada's 2030 target for reducing climate pollution.

"The actions taken under the framework will contribute to meeting or exceeding Canada's 2030 climate change target of a 30 per cent reduction below 2005 greenhouse gas levels."

Trudeau secured Alberta's support after approving new pipelines

Trudeau helped secure Alberta's support by approving two major pipeline projects last week, Kinder Morgan's Trans Mountain expansion and Enbridge's Line 3 replacement, which could help the province's oil industry.

Only one premier was completely opposed to the climate plan, Saskatchewan’s right-leaning Brad Wall, while another, Manitoba’s Progressive Conservative Premier Brian Pallister, said he wanted to see more action on healthcare before fully endorsing the climate plan.

All in all, the new deal creates a national climate change strategy — including introducing new charges that Canadians will have to pay for carbon pollution — a price that gradually rises beginning in 2018.

“It’s only by working together that we can truly take on the challenge of climate change — sharing ideas, challenging each other and, ultimately, making tough decisions," Trudeau said. "That’s what we needed to do to grow a strong and clean economy."

The framework agreement is based on nearly a year of work between Trudeau’s government, the provinces, territories and First Nations leaders. Quebec Premier Philippe Couillard, facing a series of votes in the National Assembly, did not attend but endorsed the agreement ahead of an evening dinner between the leaders to discuss healthcare.

The framework also includes new building codes to reduce energy consumption in homes and businesses, additional electric charging stations in support of zero-emission vehicles, as well as policies to reduce pollution from government operations.

“With this framework, we are telling Canadians and the world that a clean environment and a strong economy go hand in hand,” said Trudeau.

'Ground-breaking' step forward, says Clean Energy Canada

Clare Demerse, a federal policy advisor from Clean Energy Canada, called it a "groundbreaking" step forward in action on climate change.

"It's been a long time since we've had a federal government making a real effort to try and hit a climate target," she said. "Although it's a tough process, working through the federation, we saw them come to an agreement today that's got a lot of key elements in it. So we think this is a really big step."

Some other environmental organizations were less enthusiastic. Both Greenpeace and Stand described it as a step in the right direction but not enough.

B.C. Premier Christy Clark initially left the negotiations before they had concluded. She told reporters that she wasn’t satisfied with the deal and felt it would harm western Canada’s oil and gas producers. But her spokesman later said she agreed to sign on after changes were included for mechanisms to conduct independent reviews on how the plan was working.

Alberta's Notley accepted the deal and noted that her province was also going ahead with its own carbon levy that takes effect in less than a month, on Jan. 1, 2017.

Trudeau sparred with Saskatchewan’s Brad Wall at the closing news conference over the deal's plans to introduce a national price on carbon pollution. Wall has previously questioned the urgency of fighting climate change, often expresses his distaste for carbon pricing, and said it was the wrong time to move forward with climate policy.

The Saskatchewan premier's latest criticism covered a range of concerns, including the policies of president-elect Donald Trump as well as low global oil prices that have led to tens of thousands of job losses since 2014 in the oil-producing provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan.

Trudeau quickly fired back at Wall’s criticism, noting that studies show carbon pricing to be effective and that Canadian climate change policies need to be made in Canada.

“It’s a great day for Canada,” Trudeau said, getting the last word before concluding the news conference.